1. Introduction to Cambodia
2. Facts About Cambodia
3. Cambodia: A Historical Overview
4. Head of State and Prime Minister
5. Cambodia’s Historical Voyage: A Timeline from 802 to the Present
6. Geography and Land Area
7. Population and Demographics
8. Cambodia’s Economy and Key Sectors
9. Cambodia’s Diverse Ecosystems
10. Cambodia Culture
11. Khmer Language and Currency
12. Climate of Cambodia
13. Provinces of Cambodia
14. Conclusion

1. Introduction to Cambodia

Cambodia, officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a beautiful country located in Southeast Asia. Situated in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula, Cambodia is bordered by Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam. With a rich history, diverse culture, and stunning landscapes, Cambodia is a destination that captivates travelers from all over the world.

2. Facts About Cambodia

1. Official Name: The Kingdom of Cambodia
2. Local name: Khmer: ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា, Preăh Réachéanachâk Kâmpŭchéa
3. Time Zone: Phnom Penh (GMT+7) Indochina Time
4. Country Code: +855
5. State Religion: Buddhism
6. Continent: Asia
7. Boundary Countries: Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
8. Official Language: Khmer
9. Currency: Cambodian Riel / Khmer Riel (KHR)
10. Emergency Numbers: Police 117, Fire 118, Ambulance 119
11. Capital: The capital city of Cambodia is Phnom Penh.
12. Cambodian Land Traffic Law: Driving in Cambodia must be on the right-hand side.
13. Geography and Land Area: Cambodia’s total area measures 181,035 square kilometers (69,898 square miles), with land accounting for 176,515 square kilometers. The country boasts a coastline spanning 443 kilometers, while its water area covers 4,520 square kilometers.
14. Population and Demographics: As of 2023, Cambodia’s population is estimated to be around 17 million, with 16.9 million inhabitants in 2022.
15. Voltage in Cambodia: The voltage in Cambodia is 220V with a frequency of 50 Hz. Travelers from countries with different voltage and frequency standards may require a voltage converter or adapter for their electronic devices.
16. Life Expectancy: The life expectancy in Cambodia has been steadily increasing and currently stands at around 72 years.

Weather: Phnom Penh, KH

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3. Cambodia: A Historical Overview

Cambodia has a rich and complex history that dates back centuries. The country was once part of the mighty Khmer Empire, which flourished from the 9th to the 15th century. The empire left behind magnificent temple complexes, the most famous being Angkor Wat.

 

In more recent history, Cambodia faced a dark period during the Khmer Rouge regime led by Pol Pot in the 1970s. The regime inflicted widespread suffering and resulted in the loss of millions of lives. However, Cambodia has since made significant progress in rebuilding and healing from its past.

4. Head of State and Prime Minister

Head of State: King Norodom Sihamoni

King Norodom Sihamoni, the current King of Cambodia, ascended to the throne on 14 October 2004, following the abdication of his father, Norodom Sihanouk. Born as the eldest son of King Sihanouk and former Queen consort Norodom Monineath, Sihamoni is the fourth monarch from the prestigious royal House of Norodom. His coronation marked a significant moment in Cambodian history, as he assumed the responsibilities and duties associated with his esteemed position.

Prime Minister of Cambodia: Samdech Thipadei Hun Manet

Samdech Moha Borvor Thipadei Hun Manet is the current Prime Minister of Cambodia. He is the eldest son of Cambodia’s Samdech Techo Hun Sen, a Cambodian politician and former military commander who served as the Prime Minister of Cambodia from 1985 to 2023. Samdech Thipadei Hun Manet has been in office since 2023 and is responsible for the day-to-day governance of the country. Prime Minister Samdech Thipadei Hun Manet has been actively working towards the development and prosperity of Cambodia.

5. Cambodia’s Historical Voyage: A Timeline from 802 to the Present

Cambodia has a rich and diverse history that spans over a thousand years, with various dynasties and significant events shaping its journey. In this section, we will provide a concise timeline to offer a comprehensive understanding of Cambodia’s historical development.

• 802 – 1431: The Khmer Empire – During this period, the Khmer Empire flourished, establishing its capital in Angkor. The empire reached its peak under King Jayavarman II and experienced significant cultural and architectural advancements.
• 1431 – 1863: Foreign Influence and Decline – After the fall of the Khmer Empire, Cambodia faced foreign invasions and experienced a decline in power. The country came under the control of neighboring kingdoms, including the Thai and Vietnamese.
• 1863 – 1953: French Colonial Rule – Cambodia became a French protectorate in 1863, marking the beginning of a period of French colonial rule. This era brought about significant changes in governance, infrastructure, and education.
• 1953 – 1970: Independence and Turmoil – Cambodia gained independence from France in 1953, but political instability and internal conflicts plagued the country. The rise of the Khmer Rouge in the late 1960s led to a period of intense turmoil and suffering.
• 1975 – 1979: Cambodian Genocide – During the rule of Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge regime, Cambodia went through a devastating period that remains one of its most somber chapters. The radical policies implemented by the regime led to extensive violations of human rights and a staggering loss of life. It is estimated that between 1.5 to 2 million.
• 1985 – 2023: Rebuilding and Progress – After the fall of the Khmer Rouge, Cambodia embarked on the task of rebuilding and recovering from the destructive impact of the regime. The country has achieved notable advancements in several domains, such as economic development and tourism, under the leadership of Samdech Techo Hun Sen, the Prime Minister of Cambodia and a prominent political figure.
• 2023 – Present: Samdech Moha Borvor Thipadei Prime Minister of Cambodia Hun Manet has been leading Cambodia since 2023. His tenure has focused on economic growth, social welfare, and political stability. He has implemented policies to improve the lives of Cambodian people and forge diplomatic relations with other countries. Prime Minister Hun Manet prioritizes inclusivity, transparency, and accountability, combating corruption and promoting ethical practices. Cambodia has made progress in education, healthcare, infrastructure, and tourism under his leadership. His vision is progress, prosperity, and unity for the country and its people.

By exploring this timeline, we can gain a deeper appreciation for Cambodia’s rich historical heritage and the resilience of its people.

6. Geography and Land Area

Cambodia, a country located in Southeast Asia, is renowned for its diverse and captivating geography. From low-lying plains to majestic highlands and picturesque coastal areas, Cambodia offers a wide range of natural landscapes that never fail to mesmerize visitors. One of the most prominent geographical features of the country is the mighty Mekong River, which flows through the heartland of Cambodia, shaping the lives and culture of its people.

In addition to the plains and river, Cambodia is also blessed with two magnificent mountain ranges: the Cardamom Mountains and the Dângrêk Mountains. These awe-inspiring mountains not only showcase their breathtaking beauty but also serve as vital habitats for a rich variety of plant and animal species, contributing to the country’s biodiversity and ecological balance.

Moreover, Cambodia boasts a stunning coastline that stretches along the Gulf of Thailand. This coastal paradise is adorned with pristine beaches and enchanting islands, making it a haven for tourists seeking sun, sand, and relaxation. The allure of Cambodia’s coastal areas is irresistible, attracting visitors from all over the world to indulge in the tranquility and natural splendor that this country has to offer.

7. Population and Demographics

As of 2023, Cambodia, a Southeast Asian country, is home to an estimated population of approximately 17 million people. The majority of this population is comprised of ethnic Khmer, who make up over 90% of the total population. The remaining population consists of various minority ethnic groups, including Chinese, Cham, Vietnamese, and others, contributing to the country’s cultural diversity.

Cambodia, despite its rich history, is considered a relatively young country, with a median age of around 25 years. The population is predominantly rural, with a significant portion engaged in agricultural activities, reflecting the country’s agrarian economy. However, in recent years, urbanization has been on the rise, particularly in cities like Phnom Penh, the capital, Sihanoukville, Kep, Kampot and Siem Reap, known for its ancient temples and tourist attractions.

This demographic shift towards urban areas is driven by factors such as employment opportunities, access to education and healthcare, and improved infrastructure. The growth of urban centers has led to the development of modern amenities, including shopping malls, restaurants, and entertainment venues, catering to the evolving needs and preferences of the population.

Despite these changes, Cambodia’s rural areas remain vital to the country’s economy, as agriculture continues to be a significant source of livelihood for many. The fertile land and favorable climate support the cultivation of rice, the staple crop, along with other agricultural products like rubber, corn, and vegetables.

8. Cambodia’s Economy and Key Sectors

Cambodia’s economy has experienced remarkable growth in recent years, driven by sectors such as garments, tourism, agriculture, and construction. The country’s GDP has been steadily increasing, making it one of the fastest-growing economies in Southeast Asia.

• Garment manufacturing is a vital industry in Cambodia, employing a significant portion of the workforce. The country is renowned for producing high-quality garments for global brands.
• Tourism is another major contributor to Cambodia’s economy. The country’s rich cultural heritage, ancient temples, and natural beauty attract millions of visitors each year. Popular tourist destinations include the temples of Angkor in Siem Reap province, the capital city of Phnom Penh, and the coastal towns of Sihanoukville, Kampot, and Kep.
• Agriculture is an essential sector in Cambodia, employing a significant portion of the population. The main crop grown is rice, and Cambodia is one of the world’s largest rice exporters.

9. Cambodia’s Diverse Ecosystems

Cambodia boasts a wide array of plant and animal species, thanks to its diverse ecosystems. The country’s tropical climate and fertile soil provide ideal conditions for a rich biodiversity.

• Forests and Wildlife: Cambodia’s forests are home to various tree species, including the iconic and endangered rosewood and sandalwood trees. These forests also harbor a variety of wildlife, such as elephants, tigers, gibbons, and numerous bird species.
• The Tonle Sap Lake: Located in the heart of Cambodia, the Tonle Sap Lake is a unique ecosystem that supports a diverse range of aquatic life. It is renowned as one of the most productive freshwater lakes globally and plays a vital role in the lives of local communities.

10. Cambodian Culture

Cambodian culture is deeply rooted in ancient traditions and influenced by the country’s rich history. The people of Cambodia are known for their warm hospitality and strong sense of community.

• The Khmer civilization, which thrived during the Angkor period, left behind a remarkable cultural heritage. The temples of Angkor, including the iconic Angkor Wat, are a testament to the architectural brilliance and spiritual devotion of the Khmer people.
• The traditional arts and crafts of Cambodia, such as silk weaving, pottery, and stone carving, continue to thrive and are cherished for their intricate designs and craftsmanship.
• Khmer Cuisine is a delightful fusion of flavors, featuring dishes like Amok (Steamed Fish Curry), Lok Lak (Stir-Fried Beef), and Num Banh Chok (Khmer Noodles).

11. Khmer Language and Currency

The Khmer language and currency are important aspects of Cambodian culture. In this section, we will explore the characteristics and significance of both.

• Khmer Language: The Khmer language, also known as Cambodian, is the official language of Cambodia. It is spoken by the majority of the population and plays a vital role in the country’s identity. The Khmer language belongs to the Austroasiatic language family and has its own unique script. It is written from left to right, with no spaces between words. The script is complex, with 33 consonants and 23 vowels, and includes diacritic marks to indicate tones.
• Khmer Currency: The official currency of Cambodia is the Cambodian riel (KHR). The riel is subdivided into smaller units called sen. However, the US dollar is widely accepted and used alongside the riel in everyday transactions. The riel comes in both coins and banknotes. The coins are available in denominations of 100, 500, and 1000 riel, while the banknotes come in denominations of 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, and 100,000 riel.

The Khmer language and currency are integral parts of Cambodian culture. Understanding the language and currency is essential for anyone visiting or doing business in Cambodia.

12. Climate of Cambodia

Cambodia, in Southeast Asia, has a tropical monsoon climate with two seasons: rainy and dry. The rainy season is from May to October, with the most rainfall in August and September. This rainfall is vital for agriculture, nourishing the soil and supporting crops like rice. Temperatures in Cambodia are consistently high, ranging from 25 to 35 degrees Celsius (77 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit).

During the dry season, temperatures can reach up to 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit). Cambodia is also prone to floods and droughts due to its low-lying geography. These weather patterns shape the country’s landscape, agriculture, and daily life. Cambodia’s climate contributes to its biodiversity and cultural heritage, making it a unique destination for travelers.

13. Provinces of Cambodia:

Cambodia presents a plethora of captivating destinations, boasting 25 enchanting locations that cater to various interests and preferences. The lively capital city of Phnom Penh serves as the bustling heart, while the remaining 24 provinces offer distinctive charm and allure, eagerly awaiting discovery.

Below, you will find a compilation of the names of these provinces in Cambodia:

1. Phnom Penh: The capital city of Cambodia and the most populous province, known for its historical and cultural landmarks.
2. Siem Reap: Home to the famous Angkor Wat temple complex, Siem Reap is a popular tourist destination with a rich history and vibrant nightlife.
3. Battambang: Located in the northwest, Battambang is known for its colonial architecture, traditional art, and the Bamboo Train.
4. Sihanoukville: A coastal province with beautiful beaches and islands, Sihanoukville is a popular destination for beach lovers and water sports enthusiasts.
5. Kampong Cham: Situated on the Mekong River, Kampong Cham is known for its scenic landscapes, ancient temples, and traditional rural life.
6. Preah Sihanouk: Named after the late King Norodom Sihanouk, this province is renowned for its stunning beaches, clear waters, and vibrant nightlife.
7. Kampong Speu: Known for its agriculture and natural beauty, Kampong Speu is a province with lush landscapes, waterfalls, and cultural sites.
8. Takeo: Located in the southwest, Takeo is famous for its ancient temples, pagodas, and picturesque countryside.
9. Kampong Chhnang: Situated on the Tonle Sap River, Kampong Chhnang is known for its floating villages, pottery industry, and scenic river views.
10. Kampot: Famous for its pepper plantations and colonial architecture, Kampot is a charming province with a relaxed atmosphere and scenic riverfront.
11. Kandal: Located near Phnom Penh, Kandal is known for its agricultural activities, including rice farming and fruit orchards.
12. Kratie: Situated on the banks of the Mekong River, Kratie is famous for its rare Irrawaddy dolphins and picturesque river views.
13. Pursat: Known for its natural beauty and wildlife, Pursat is a province with lush forests, waterfalls, and the Cardamom Mountains.
14. Kampong Thom: Home to the ancient temple complex of Sambor Prei Kuk, Kampong Thom is a province with rich archaeological sites and natural landscapes.
15. Prey Veng: Located in the southeastern part of Cambodia, Prey Veng is known for its agriculture, traditional villages, and cultural festivals.
16. Ratanakiri: Situated in the northeast, Ratanakiri is famous for its tribal communities, waterfalls, and natural attractions like Yeak Laom Lake.
17. Preah Vihear: Home to the Preah Vihear Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage site, this province offers breathtaking views and historical significance.
18. Mondulkiri: Known for its pristine forests, waterfalls, and elephant sanctuaries, Mondulkiri is a province ideal for eco-tourism and wildlife enthusiasts.
19. Oddar Meanchey: Located near the Thai border, Oddar Meanchey is known for its natural beauty, wildlife, and historical sites like the Banteay Chhmar temple.
20. Stung Treng: Situated on the banks of the Mekong River, Stung Treng is a province with scenic river views, waterfalls, and ecotourism opportunities.
21. Pailin: Famous for its gemstone mines, Pailin is a province with a rich history, natural beauty, and the opportunity to explore Khmer Rouge sites.
23. Kep: A small coastal province known for its seafood, Kep offers beautiful beaches, colonial architecture, and the famous Kep Crab Market.
24. Koh Kong: Situated in the southwest, Koh Kong is a province with lush rainforests, waterfalls, and beautiful islands like Koh Rong.
25. Banteay Meanchey: Located near the Thai border, Banteay Meanchey is known for its historical sites, rural landscapes, and vibrant local markets.

14. Conclusion:

Cambodia is a country that boasts a rich and fascinating history, a vibrant and diverse culture, and breathtaking natural beauty that is sure to captivate any visitor. With its diverse ecosystems, ranging from lush rainforests to pristine beaches, Cambodia offers a plethora of attractions and destinations just waiting to be explored. From the bustling and vibrant capital city of Phnom Penh, with its bustling markets and stunning architecture, to the awe-inspiring temples of Angkor, Cambodia truly has something for everyone. Whether you are drawn to the charm and tranquility of Siem Reap, the coastal allure of Sihanoukville, or the serene beauty of Kampot and Kep, this country offers a wide array of experiences that will leave a lasting impression. With its unique blend of tradition and modernity, Cambodia is a captivating destination that promises to enchant and inspire all who have the privilege of visiting.

Reference:

1. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-13006539
2. https://www.britannica.com/place/Cambodia
3. https://www.eyeonasia.gov.sg/asean-countries/know/overview-of-asean-countries/cambodia-a-country-profile/
4. https://www.sourceofasia.com/cambodia-country-profile/
5. https://www.tourismcambodia.com/about-cambodia/